330 Wirtschaft
Filtern
Dokumenttyp
- Research Paper (69)
- Dissertation (11)
- Diplomarbeit (6)
- Bericht (1)
Schlagworte
- Export (10)
- Deutschland (9)
- Produktivität (9)
- Exports (7)
- Germany (7)
- productivity (6)
- Personenbezogene Daten (4)
- Unternehmensgründung (4)
- micro data (4)
- Beschäftigungsentwicklung (3)
- Betriebsrat (3)
- Biotechnologie (3)
- Gewerkschaft (3)
- Lüneburg (3)
- Mittelstand (3)
- New Economic Geography (3)
- Unternehmer (3)
- Versicherung (3)
- Vertical Linkages (3)
- Arbeitsamt (2)
- Arbeitslosigkeit (2)
- Arbeitsplatz (2)
- Arbeitsproduktivität (2)
- Auslandsinvestition (2)
- Beschäftigung (2)
- Betriebsdaten (2)
- Biotechnology (2)
- Datenerhebung (2)
- Deutschland / Betriebsverfassungsgesetz (2)
- Discrimination (2)
- Diskriminierung (2)
- Efficiency (2)
- Effizienz (2)
- Eisenbahn (2)
- Elfter September (2)
- Erwartung (2)
- Globalisierung (2)
- Handwerksbetrieb (2)
- Ich-AG (2)
- Klein- und Mittelbetrieb (2)
- Lüneburg / Universität (2)
- Nanotechnologie (2)
- Niedersachsen (2)
- Railway Industry (2)
- Rational Expectations (2)
- Risiko (2)
- Schwellenwert (2)
- September 11th (2)
- Statistik (2)
- Unternehmen (2)
- Unternehmenskultur (2)
- Vertical Integration (2)
- Wertschöpfungskette (2)
- Wettbewerb (2)
- Wirtschaftsgeographie (2)
- deregulation (2)
- ecosystem services (2)
- foreign direct investment (2)
- heterogeneous firms (2)
- insurance (2)
- nanotechnologies (2)
- natural monopoly (2)
- occupational choice (2)
- union membership (2)
- wages (2)
- Öffentliches Gut (2)
- Ökonomie <Begriff> (2)
- Ökosystem (2)
- Abgänge aus Arbeitslosigkeit (1)
- Agrarplanung (1)
- Agrarökosystem (1)
- Alter (1)
- Anfang (1)
- Arbeitgeber (1)
- Arbeitnehmer (1)
- Arbeitsbeschaffungspolitik (1)
- Arbeitsbeziehungen (1)
- Arbeitsflexibilisierung (1)
- Arbeitsrecht (1)
- Arrangement of terms (1)
- Augenfolgebewegung (1)
- Ausbildungsplatz (1)
- Ausfuhrüberschuss (1)
- Auslandsaufenthalt (1)
- Auslandsmitarbeiter (1)
- Ausländisches Unternehmen (1)
- Ballungsraum (1)
- Bericht 2006 (1)
- Berufswahl (1)
- Beschäftigungsquote (1)
- Betriebliche Ausbildung (1)
- Bevölkerungsentwicklung (1)
- Bevölkerungswachstum (1)
- Biodiversität (1)
- China (1)
- Competition (1)
- Congestion (1)
- Consumer Research (1)
- Contingent Valuation (1)
- Cooperation (1)
- Cultural Goods (1)
- DSGE model (1)
- Daten (1)
- Decision Making (1)
- Deregulierung (1)
- Deutsche <Bundesrepublik> (1)
- Deutschland / Schwerbehindertengesetz (1)
- Deutschland <Bundesrepublik> (1)
- East Germany (1)
- Eductive Learning (1)
- Eductive Stability (1)
- Einkommensunterschied (1)
- Einkommensverteilung (1)
- Emission (1)
- Ende (1)
- Energieweltwirtschaft (1)
- Entry (1)
- Entscheidungsverhalten (1)
- Excludable and Non-excludable Public Goods (1)
- Exit from unemployment (1)
- Expatriate-Management (1)
- Expatriates (1)
- Experte (1)
- Export entry (1)
- Export-sales ratio (1)
- Eye Tracking (1)
- Firma (1)
- Firmenalter (1)
- Fiscal and institutional policy (1)
- Fiskalpolitik (1)
- Flexible Arbeitszeit (1)
- Forschung und Entwicklung (1)
- Forschungsbericht (1)
- Freistellung (1)
- Fremdenverkehr (1)
- Führungskraft (1)
- Führungskräfteentwicklung (1)
- Geographie (1)
- German unions (1)
- Gesellschaft (1)
- Gewerkschaft / Nichtmitglied (1)
- Gewerkschaft <Motiv> (1)
- Gewerkschaftsmitglied (1)
- Growth (1)
- Gründercharakteristika (1)
- Gründung (1)
- Gründungen aus der Arbeitslosigkeit (1)
- Gutachten (1)
- Haftpflichtrisiko (1)
- Handwerk (1)
- Handwerkskammer Lüneburg-Stade (1)
- Heterogenität (1)
- Hopf bifurcation (1)
- Hopf-Verzweigung (1)
- Industrie (1)
- Inequality (1)
- Institut für Volkswirtschaftslehre (1)
- Integration (1)
- Interessenverband (1)
- Internationalisierung (1)
- Internationalization (1)
- Islam (1)
- Islamistic terror (1)
- Israel (1)
- Kleinstbetrieb (1)
- Kollaboration (1)
- Kombination (1)
- Kommunikation (1)
- Konditionengestaltung (1)
- Konvergenz (1)
- Kooperation (1)
- Kraftfahrtversicherung (1)
- Kreditkontrolle (1)
- Kreishandwerkerschaft Lüneburg (1)
- Kulturgut (1)
- Kulturkontakt (1)
- Kundenbindung (1)
- Labor productivity (1)
- Learning (1)
- Lehrerbildung (1)
- Lernen (1)
- Lineares Regressionsmodell (1)
- Lohn (1)
- Machado/Mata decomposition (1)
- Management (1)
- Marktausstieg (1)
- Marktzugang (1)
- Medien (1)
- Mitbestimmung (1)
- Mittelstandsförderung (1)
- Monopol (1)
- Monopolistic Competition (1)
- Monopolistische Konkurrenz (1)
- Nachhaltigkeit (1)
- Nascent entrepreneurs (1)
- Natürliches Monopol (1)
- Necessity entrepreneurship (1)
- New Economy (1)
- OLG (1)
- Oberlandesgericht (1)
- Organisationsklima (1)
- Organisationstheorie (1)
- Ostdeutschland (1)
- Panel (1)
- Pareto-Optimum (1)
- Personalentwicklung (1)
- Politische Verfolgung (1)
- Politischer Konjunkturzyklus (1)
- Private Information (1)
- Product Differentiation (1)
- Produktdifferenzierung (1)
- Quote (1)
- R&D (1)
- REM (1)
- Rationale Erwartung (1)
- Region (1)
- Regulierung (1)
- Reiseveranstalter (1)
- Risikoanalyse (1)
- Risikokapital (1)
- Schwerbehindertenrecht (1)
- Schwerbehinderung (1)
- Selbstorganisation (1)
- Selbständigkeit (1)
- Sparkasse (1)
- Staatstätigkeit (1)
- Stabilität (1)
- Standortplanung (1)
- Steuer (1)
- Stochastik (1)
- Strongly Rational Expectations Equilibrium (1)
- Teacher training (1)
- Technologie (1)
- Technologiepolitik (1)
- Technology (1)
- Technology Policy (1)
- Telekommunikationsmarkt (1)
- Tourism (1)
- Tourism research (1)
- Tourismusforschung (1)
- Umverteilung (1)
- Umweltqualität (1)
- Umweltverschmutzung (1)
- Umweltökonomie (1)
- Unsicherheit (1)
- Unternehmenskommunikation (1)
- Unternehmensplanung (1)
- Verarbeitendes Gewerbe (1)
- Verband der Netzbetreiber (1)
- Verbraucherforschung (1)
- Vertikale Integration (1)
- Wachstum (1)
- Wachstumsmodell (1)
- Wachstumstheorie / Endogenes Wirtschaftswachstum (1)
- Wertpapieremission (1)
- West Germany (1)
- Westdeutschland (1)
- Wettbewerbsfähigkeit (1)
- Willingness to Pay (1)
- Wirtschaftspolitk (1)
- Wirtschaftspsychologie (1)
- Wirtschaftswachstum (1)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (1)
- Wissensmanagement (1)
- Wissensproduktion (1)
- Zahlungsbereitschaft (1)
- Zeitarbeit (1)
- Zerfall (1)
- adjustment costs (1)
- agglomeration (1)
- agro-biodiversity (1)
- agro-ecosystem management (1)
- biodiversity (1)
- biotechnology (1)
- collaboration (1)
- competitiveness (1)
- congested public inputs (1)
- continuous treatment (1)
- converging institutions (1)
- converging technologies (1)
- credit constraints (1)
- decline in German unionism (1)
- decomposition (1)
- dose-response function (1)
- dynamic economy-environment interaction (1)
- earnings differential (1)
- ecological-economic systems (1)
- ecosystem management (1)
- employment (1)
- endogenous growth (1)
- enterprise (1)
- entrepreneurship (1)
- exit (1)
- experts (1)
- export exit (1)
- exporter wage premium (1)
- free-riding (1)
- globalization (1)
- growth (1)
- infant entrepreneurs (1)
- integration (1)
- interest groups (1)
- knowledge management (1)
- knowledge production function (1)
- labour productivity (1)
- linked employer-employee data (1)
- literature survey (1)
- media (1)
- medium-sized business (1)
- multi-pollutant emissions (1)
- non-monotonic control (1)
- opportunity entrepreneurship (1)
- optimal scale (1)
- organizational communication (1)
- political cycles (1)
- power industry (1)
- public good (1)
- public inputs (1)
- quantile regression decomposition (1)
- quantile regressions (1)
- redistribution (1)
- redistributive taxation (1)
- regional growth (1)
- risk-aversion (1)
- risks (1)
- self-employment (1)
- self-organisation (1)
- society (1)
- startup (1)
- stochastic (1)
- stock pollution (1)
- sustainability (1)
- systemic risks (1)
- tourism industry (1)
- uncertainty (1)
- union density (1)
- venture capital (1)
- viability (1)
- wealth distribution (1)
- works councils (1)
- Älterer Arbeitnehmer (1)
- Ökologie (1)
- Übervölkerung (1)
Institut
- Frühere Fachbereiche (87) (entfernen)
Bei den Statistischen Ämtern des Bundes und der Länder und im Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung der Bundesagentur für Arbeit werden zahlreiche Daten für Unternehmen bzw. Betriebe gesammelt und aufbereitet. Durch das Unternehmensregister ist bei den Statistischen Ämtern eine "Masterdatei" entstanden, die es technisch möglich macht, Unternehmensdaten aus den Beständen der genannten und weiteren Institutionen zusammenzuführen. Das Projekt KombiFiD – Kombinierte Firmendaten für Deutschland soll zeigen, dass ausgewählte Datenbestände tatsächlich über die Grenzen der jeweiligen Datenproduzenten zusammengeführt und der Wissenschaft zur Verfügung gestellt werden können, und es soll gleichzeitig demonstrieren, dass das Analysepotenzial dieser kombinierten Datensätze sehr viel höher ist als das der einzelnen Bestandteile. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt die Konzeption dieses Projekts und das geplante Vorgehen vor.
Strong sustainability, according to the common definition, requires that different natural and economic capital stocks have to be maintained as physical quantities separately. Yet, in a world of uncertainty this cannot be guaranteed. To therefore define strong sustainability under uncertainty in an operational manner, we propose to use the concept of viability. Viability means that the different components and functions of a dynamic, stochastic system at any time remain in a domain where the future existence of these components and functions is guaranteed with sufficiently high probability. We develop a unifying and general ecological-economic concept of viability that encompasses the traditional ecological and economic notions of viability as special cases. It provides an operational criterion of strong sustainability under conditions of uncertainty. We illustrate this concept and demonstrate its usefulness by applying it to livestock grazing management in semi-arid rangelands.
Abstract. The ecological literature suggests that biodiversity reduces the variance of ecosystem services. Thus, conservative biodiversity management has an insurance value to risk-averse users of ecosystem services. We analyze a conceptual ecological-economic model in which such management measures generate a private benefit and, via ecosystem processes at higher hierarchical levels, a positive externality on other ecosystem users. We find that ecosystem management and environmental policy depend on the extent of uncertainty and risk-aversion as follows: (i) Individual effort to improve ecosystem quality unambiguously increases. The free-rider problem may decrease or increase, depending on the characteristics of the ecosystem and its management; in particular, (ii) the size of the externality may decrease or increase, depending on how individual and aggregate management effort influence biodiversity; and (iii) the welfare loss due to free-riding may decrease or increase, depending on how biodiversity influences ecosystem service provision.
Agro-biodiversity can provide natural insurance to risk averse farmers. We employ a conceptual ecological-economic model to analyze the choice of agrobiodiversity by risk averse farmers who have access to financial insurance. We study the implications for individually and socially optimal agro-ecosystem management and policy design when on-farm agro-biodiversity, through ecosystem processes at higher hierarchical levels, generates a positive externality on other farmers. We show that for the individual farmer natural insurance from agro-biodiversty and financial insurance are substitutes. While an improved access to financial insurance leads to lower agro-biodiversity, the e_ects on the market failure problem (due to the external benefits of on-farm agro-biodiversity) and on welfare are determined by properties of the agro-ecosystem and agro-biodiversity’s external benefits. We derive a specific condition on agro-ecosystem functioning under which, if financial insurance becomes more accessible, welfare in the absence of regulation increases or decreases.
We analyze the optimal dynamic scale and structure of a two-sectoreconomy, where each sector produces one consumption good and one specific pollutant. Both pollutants accumulate at di_erent rates to stocks which damage the natural environment. This acts as a dynamic driving force for the economy. Our analysis shows that along the optimal time-path (i) the overall scale of economic activity may be less than maximal; (ii) the time scale of economic dynamics (change of scale and structure) is mainly determined by the lifetime of pollutants, their harmfulness and the discount rate; and (iii) the optimal control of economic scale and structure may be non-monotonic. These results raise important questions about the optimal design of environmental policies.
This paper traces the profound decline in German unionism over the course of the last three decades. Today just one in five workers is a union member, and it is now moot whether this degree of penetration is consistent with a corporatist model built on encompassing unions. The decline in union membership and density is attributable to external forces that have confronted unions in many countries (such as globalization and compositional changes in the workforce) and to some specifically German considerations (such as the transition process in postcommunist Eastern Germany) and sustained intervals of classic insider behavior on the part of German unions. The ‘correctives’ have included mergers between unions, decentralization, and wages that are more responsive to unemployment. At issue is the success of these innovations. For instance, the trend toward decentralization in collective bargaining hinges in part on the health of that other pillar of the dual system of industrial relations, the works council. But works council coverage has also declined, leading some observers to equate decentralization with deregulation. While this conclusion is likely too radical, German unions are at the cross roads. It is argued here that if they fail to define what they stand for, are unable to increase their presence at the workplace, and continue to lack convincing strategies to deal with contemporary economic and political trends working against them, then their decline may become a rout.
Using unique recently released nationally representative high-quality data at the plant level, this paper presents the first comprehensive evidence on the relationship between productivity and size of the export market for Germany, a leading actor on the world market for manufactured goods. It documents that firms that export to countries inside the euro-zone are more productive than firms that sell their products in Germany only, but less productive than firms that export to countries outside the euro-zone, too. This is in line with the hypothesis that export markets outside the euro-zone have higher entry costs that can only by paid by more productive firms.