Filtern
Erscheinungsjahr
Dokumenttyp
- Dissertation (257)
- Research Paper (58)
- Bachelorarbeit (14)
- Masterarbeit (14)
- Teil eines Buches (Kapitel) (10)
- Buch (Monographie) (7)
- Habilitation (7)
- Diplomarbeit (5)
- Bericht (5)
- Wissenschaftlicher Artikel (4)
- Beitrag in Konferenzband (3)
- Sonstiges (1)
Sprache
- Englisch (385) (entfernen)
Schlagworte
- Nachhaltigkeit (27)
- Biodiversität (12)
- Export (10)
- Produktivität (10)
- Deutschland (9)
- Entrepreneurship (9)
- Sustainability (9)
- Exports (8)
- Germany (8)
- productivity (8)
Institut
- Fakultät Nachhaltigkeit (106)
- Fakultät Wirtschaftswissenschaften (66)
- Frühere Fachbereiche (56)
- Institut für Ökologie (IE) (28)
- Nachhaltigkeitsmgmt./-ökologie (19)
- VWL (15)
- Fakultät Kulturwissenschaften (14)
- Institut für Nachhaltigkeitssteuerung (INSUGO) (14)
- BWL (12)
- Institut für Nachhaltige Chemie und Umweltchemie (INUC) (12)
- Fakultät Management und Technologie (11)
- Institut für Politikwissenschaft (IPW) (11)
- Psychologie/Wirtschaftspsychologie (11)
- Chemie (10)
- Institut für Management und Organisation (IMO) (10)
- Fakultät Bildung (9)
- Institut für Ethik und Transdisziplinäre Nachhaltigkeitsforschung (IETSR) (9)
- Institut für Volkswirtschaftslehre (IVWL) (9)
- Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik (IIS) (9)
- Centre for Sustainability Management (CSM) (8)
- Institut für Management, Accounting & Finance (IMAF) (6)
- Institut für Kultur und Ästhetik Digitaler Medien (ICAM) (5)
- Social-Ecological Systems Institute (SESI) (5)
- Fakultät Staatswissenschaften (4)
- Institut für Bank-, Finanz und Gründungsmanagement (IBFG) (4)
- Institut für Experimentelle Wirtschaftspsychologie (Lünelab) (4)
- Institut für Produkt und Prozessinnovation (PPI) (4)
- Institut für Psychologie (IFP) (3)
- Institut für Umweltkommunikation (INFU) (3)
- Berufs- und Wirtschaftspäd. (2)
- Informatik/Wirtschaftsinformatik (2)
- Institute of English Studies (IES) (2)
- Recht/Wirtschaftsrecht (2)
- Competition & Regulation Institute (CRI) (1)
- Institut für Bewegung, Sport und Gesundheit (IBSG) (1)
- Institut für Bildung für Nachhaltige Entwicklung und Psychologie (IBP) (1)
- Institut für Bildungswissenschaft (IBIWI) (1)
- Institut für Ethik und Theologie (IET) (1)
- Institut für Mathematik und ihre Didaktik (IMD) (1)
- Institut für Nachhaltige Chemie (INSC) (1)
- Institut für Philosophie und Kunstwissenschaft (IPK) (1)
- Institut für Produktionstechnik und-Systeme (IPTS) (1)
- Institut für Soziologie und Kulturorganisation (ISKO) (1)
- Institut für Stadt- und Kulturraumforschung (IFSK) (1)
- Institut für Management, Accounting & Finance (IMAF) (1)
- Kulturvermittlung (1)
- Kulturwissenschaften (1)
- Professional School (1)
- Umweltplanung (1)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (1)
- Zukunftszentrum Lehrerbildung (ZZL) (1)
The Model of Culture Fit explains the way in which socio-cultural environment influences internal work culture and human resource management practices. This model was tested using 1,954 employees from business organisations in 10 countries. Participants completed a 57-item questionnaire which measured managerial perceptions of four socio-cultural dimensions, six internal work culture dimensions and HRM practices in three areas ...
Dieser Aufsatz wurde anlässlich eines Symposiums in einer Festschrift zu Ehren von Prof. Dr. Heinrich Reichmann veröffentlicht. Es geht um seine Verdienste im Bereich Electronic Government (E-Government) und Verwaltungsreform.
Many public goods are characterized by rivalry and/or excludability. This paper introduces both non-excludable and excludable public inputs into a simple endogenous growth model. We derive the equilibrium growth rate and design the optimal tax and user-cost structure. Our results emphasize the role of congestion in determining this optimal financing structure and the consequences this has in turn for the government’s budget. The latter consists of fee and tax revenues that are used to finance the entire public production input and that may or may not suffice to finance the entire public input, depending upon the degree of congestion. We extend the model to allow for monopoly pricing of the user fee by the government. Most of the analysis is conducted for general production functions consistent with endogenous growth, although the case of CES technology is also considered.
While the role of exports in promoting growth in general, and productivity in particular, has been investigated empirically using aggregate data for countries and industries for a long time, only recently have comprehensive longitudinal data at the firm level been used to look at the extent and causes of productivity differentials between exporters and their counterparts which sell on the domestic market only. This papers surveys the empirical strategies applied, and the results produced, in 45 microeconometric studies with data from 33 countries that were published between 1995 and 2004. Details aside, exporters are found to be more productive than non-exporters, and the more productive firms self-select into export markets, while exporting does not necessarily improve productivity.
This paper presents the first empirical test with German establishment level data of a hypothesis derived by Helpman, Melitz and Yeaple in a model that explains the decision of heterogeneous firms to serve foreign markets either trough exports or foreign direct investment: only the more productive firms choose to serve the foreign markets, and the most productive among this group will further choose to serve these markets via foreign direct investments. Using a non-parametric test for first order stochastic dominance it is shown that, in line with this hypothesis, the productivity distribution of foreign direct investors dominates that of exporters, which in turn dominates that of national market suppliers.
This paper studies the empirical effect of risk classification in the mandatory third-party motor insurance (TPMI) of Germany. We find evidence that inefficient risk categories had been selected in this market while potentially efficient information may have been dismissed. Risk classification did generally not improve the efficiency of contracting or the composition of insureds in this market. These findings can be partly explained by the existence of compulsory fixed coverage and other institutional restraints such as unitary owner insurance in this market.
This paper presents the first nonparametric test whether German works councils go hand in hand with higher labor productivity or not. It distinguishes between establishments that are covered by collective bargaining or not. Results from a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for first order stochastic dominance tend to indicate that pro-productive effects are found in firms with collective bargaining only. However, the significance level of the test statistic is higher than a usually applied critical level. This somewhat weak evidence casts doubts on the validity of results from recent parametric approaches using a regression framework that point to high positive effects of works councils on productivity.
Using unique recently released nationally representative high-quality longitudinal data at the plant level, this paper presents the first comprehensive evidence on the relationship between exports and productivity for Germany, a leading actor on the world market for manufactured goods. It applies and extends the now standard approach from the international literature to document that the positive productivity differential of exporters compared to non-exporters is statistically significant, and substantial, even when observed firm characteristics and unobserved firm specific effects are controlled for. For West German plants (but not for East German plants) some empirical evidence for self-selection of more productive firms into export markets is found. There is no evidence for the hypothesis that plants which start to export perform better in the three years after the start than their counterparts which do not start to sell their products on the world market. Results for West Germany support the hypothesis that the productivity differential between exporters and nonexporters is at least in part the result of a market driven selection process in which those export starters that have low productivity at starting time fail as a successful exporter in the years after the start, and only those that were more productive at starting time continue to export.
Using panel data from Spain Farinas and Ruano (IJIO 2005) test three hypotheses from a model by Hopenhayn (Econometrica 1992): (H1) Firms that exit in year t were in t-1 less productive than firms that continue to produce in t. (H2) Firms that enter in year t are less productive than incumbent firms in year t. (H3) Surviving firms from an entry cohort were more productive than non-surviving firms from this cohort in the start year. Results for Spain support all three hypotheses. This paper replicates the study using a unique newly available panel data sets for all manufacturing plants from Germany (1995 – 2002). Again, all three hypotheses are supported empirically.
Abstract: A recent survey of 54 micro-econometric studies reveals that exporting firms are more productive than non-exporters. On the other hand, previous empirical studies show that exporting does not necessarily improve productivity. One possible reason for this result is that most previous studies are restricted to analysing the relationship between a firm’s export status and the growth of its labour productivity, using the firms’ export status as a binary treatment variable and comparing the performance of exporting and non-exporting firms. In this paper, we apply the newly developed generalised propensity score (GPS) methodology that allows for continuous treatment, that is, different levels of the firms’ export activities. Using the GPS method and a large panel data set for German manufacturing firms, we estimate the relationship between a firm’s export-sales ratio and its labour productivity growth rate. We find that there is a causal effect of firms’ export activities on labour productivity growth. However, exporting improves labour productivity growth only within a sub-interval of the range of firms’ export-sales ratios.
This paper contributes to the flourishing literature on exports and productivity by using a unique newly available panel of exporting establishments from the manufacturing sector of Germany from 1995 to 2004 to test three hypotheses derived from a theoretical model by Hopenhayn (Econometrica 1992): (H1) Firms that stop exporting in year t were in t-1 less productive than firms that continue to export in t. (H2) Firms that start to export in year t are less productive than firms that export both in year t-1 and in year t. (H3) Firms from a cohort of export starters that still export in the last year of the panel were more productive in the start year than firms from the same cohort that stopped to export in between. While results for West Germany support all three hypotheses, this is only the case for (H1) and (H2) in East Germany.
This paper analyzes, within a regional growth model, the impact of productive governmental policy and integration on the spatial distribution of economic activity. Integration is understood as enhancing territorial cooperation between the regions, and it describes the extent to which one region may benefit from the other region’s public input, e.g. the extent to which regional road networks are connected. Both integration and the characteristics of the public input crucially affect whether agglomeration arises and if so to which extent economic activity is concentrated: As a consequence of enhanced integration, agglomeration is less likely to arise and concentration will be lower. Relative congestion reinforces agglomeration, thereby increasing equilibrium concentration. Due to the congestion externalities, the market outcome ends up in suboptimally high concentration.
We use comparable micro level panel data for 14 countries and a set of identically specified empirical models to investigate the relationship between exports and productivity. Our overall results are in line with the big picture that is by now familiar from the literature: Exporters are more productive than non-exporters when observed and unobserved heterogeneity are controlled for, and these exporter productivity premia tend to increase with the share of exports in total sales; there is strong evidence in favour of self-selection of more productive firms into export markets, but nearly no evidence in favour of the learning-by-exporting hypothesis. We document that the exporter premia differ considerably across countries in identically specified empirical models. In a meta-analysis of our results we find that countries that are more open and have more effective government report higher productivity premia. However, the level of development per se does not appear to be an explanation for the observed cross-country differences.
Economic theory suggests both positive and negative relationships between intra-firm wage inequality and productivity. This paper contributes to the growing empirical literature on this subject. We combine German employer-employee-data for the years 1995-2005 with inequality measures using the whole wage distribution of a firm and rely on dynamic panel-data estimators to control for unobserved heterogeneity, simultaneity problems and possible state dependence. Our results indicate a relative minor influence of intra-firm wage inequality on firm productivity. If anything, they provide some support for a view suggesting that some inequality may be beneficial, while too much leads to a detrimental effect on productivity.
While it is a stylized fact that exporting firms pay higher wages than nonexporting firms, the direction of the link between exporting and wages is less clear. Using a rich set of German linked employer-employee panel data we follow over time plants that start to export. We show that the exporter wage premium does already exist in the years before firms start to export, and that it does not increase in the following years. Higher wages in exporting firms are thus due to self-selection of more productive, better paying firms into export markets; they are not caused by export activities.
In theory we pursue a sustainable development, but in reality we do not. An economy based on continuous growth, which evidently is not sustainable, is however the priority model almost everywhere. If we really aim at implementing sustainability, then we must radically change our economic model. Sufficiency - which calls for individuals mainly from so-called “developed countries” not to consume more than is really needed - may offer a useful alternative. We can still find some - last - examples of indigenous peoples living in a sufficient manner, all of them nowadays in those “developing countries”. We could learn at least from them that it is possible to live differently, i.e., in harmony with ourselves and our environment. This would pave the way for their - and for our all - protection, as well as the manner in which we understand at present development politics.