Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Doctoral Thesis (175)
- ResearchPaper (33)
- Report (13)
- Bachelor Thesis (9)
- Article (8)
- Master's Thesis (6)
- Diploma Thesis (5)
- Part of Proceeding (5)
- Part of a Book (4)
- Book (3)
Language
- English (265) (remove)
Keywords
- Nachhaltigkeit (27)
- Export (12)
- Produktivität (11)
- Biodiversität (10)
- Entrepreneurship (10)
- productivity (10)
- sustainability (10)
- Deutschland (9)
- Germany (9)
- Exports (8)
Institute
Abstract As simple as it is, results describing the world are heavily dependent on the quality of the underlying data. One of the very crucial variables in microanalytical analyses of well-being and human resources is income. The more, when the situation of the self-employed is regarded. This paper focus on the distribution of income based on very sound data: the German Income Tax Statistic (Einkommensteuerstatistik) 1992. New is the actual possibility to use for the first time such a sound microdatabase to analyze the self-employed in particular: a 100.000 microdata sample of the population wide German Income Tax Statistic. New is the comparison between income from dependent and self-employed work with emphasis on the entrepreneurs and professions, and new is the indepth decomposition inequality analysis of the aggregated groups and of the single professions based on an inequality generalized entropy decomposition approach. One overall striking result is: the occupational status as an employee, entrepreneur or as a profession with its connected low between inequality share is by far not the overall driving factor to ‘explain’ the overall income distribution and inequality picture of the re-unified Germany; it is the within group inequality which counts in particular.
The Model of Culture Fit explains the way in which socio-cultural environment influences internal work culture and human resource management practices. This model was tested using 1,954 employees from business organisations in 10 countries. Participants completed a 57-item questionnaire which measured managerial perceptions of four socio-cultural dimensions, six internal work culture dimensions and HRM practices in three areas ...
Investigations of different activated sludge samples were performed in order to evaluate the influence of aerobic activated sludge SRT on digester gas production during anaerobic sludge stabilisation. A decrease of anaerobic sludge degradation efficiency and in turn, a decrease of gas production could be confirmed as SRT was raised. Furthermore, simple test methods to predict digester gas production were tested which may be used for on site purposes.
PeTAL (Picture Text Annotation Language) is proposed as an XML-standard for digital documents containing text, images, and videos with heavy cross-referencing, esp. from clickable parts of images to other parts of the material. A browser capable of interpreting the PeTAL code shown here is under construction.
Combinatorial optimization is still one of the biggest mathematical challenges if you plan and organize the run-ning of a business. Especially if you organize potential factors or plan the scheduling and sequencing of opera-tions you will often be confronted with large-scaled combinatorial optimization problems. Furthermore it is very difficult to find global optima within legitimate time limits, because the computational effort of such problems rises exponentially with the problem size. Nowadays several approximation algorithms exist that are able to solve this kind of problems satisfactory. These algorithms belong to a special group of solution methods which are called local search algorithms. This article will introduce the topic of simulated annealing, one of the most efficient local search strategies. This article summarizes main aspects of the guest lecture Combinatorial Optimi-zation with Local Search Strategies, which was held at the University of Ioannina in Greece in June 1999.
Information technology and administrative reform : will the time after E-Government be different?
(2003)
Dieser Aufsatz wurde anlässlich eines Symposiums in einer Festschrift zu Ehren von Prof. Dr. Heinrich Reichmann veröffentlicht. Es geht um seine Verdienste im Bereich Electronic Government (E-Government) und Verwaltungsreform.
Multilayer neural networks
(2004)
This paper presents the first nonparametric test whether German works councils go hand in hand with higher labor productivity or not. It distinguishes between establishments that are covered by collective bargaining or not. Results from a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for first order stochastic dominance tend to indicate that pro-productive effects are found in firms with collective bargaining only. However, the significance level of the test statistic is higher than a usually applied critical level. This somewhat weak evidence casts doubts on the validity of results from recent parametric approaches using a regression framework that point to high positive effects of works councils on productivity.
Networks of social relationships are becoming increasingly important in today’s business environment. By cooperating in such structures players seek to overcome the shortcomings of the alternative forms of exchange, namely markets and hierarchies, and to realise (greater) information benefits. This is done through the reduction of complexities and uncertainties, as well as by increasing the speed of information flows and decision-making within networks. Traditional network research has focused on company networks and neglected the assessment of the underlying constituents of social networks. Studies concerned with the use of social ties for economic goals are generally not scientific and lack the theoretical foundation ti guide such an analysis. For these reasons it is the aim of this research paper, based on a theoretical framework, to systematically examine the underlying factors that lead to successful co-operations within a social network seeking to reach a common goal. The results of the current qualitative research study indicate that the factors suggested in the literature as significant for successful networking (e.g. common base; common language; mutual goals; sympathy for each other; a general interest in social contacts, combined with the necessary skills to act within social contexts) do indeed impact this type of co-operation as proposed. In addition to what is put forward in the literature it became evident that all successful individuals have a passion, besides their business activities, such as music, art or sports. This ardour also serves as a platform on which valuable contacts are established and maintained.
Based on data from a recent representative survey of the adult population in Germany this paper documents that the patterns of variables influencing nascent and infant entrepreneurship are quite similar and broadly in line with our theoretical priors – both types of entrepreneurship are fostered by the width of experience and a role model in the family, and hindered by risk aversion, while being male is a supporting factor. Results of this study using cross section data are in line with conclusions from longitudinal studies for other countries finding that between one in two and one in three nascent entrepreneurs become infant entrepreneurs, and that observed individual characteristics – with the important exception of former experience as an employee in the industry of the new venture - tend to play a minor role only in differentiating who starts and who gives up.
Many public goods are characterized by rivalry and/or excludability. This paper introduces both non-excludable and excludable public inputs into a simple endogenous growth model. We derive the equilibrium growth rate and design the optimal tax and user-cost structure. Our results emphasize the role of congestion in determining this optimal financing structure and the consequences this has in turn for the government’s budget. The latter consists of fee and tax revenues that are used to finance the entire public production input and that may or may not suffice to finance the entire public input, depending upon the degree of congestion. We extend the model to allow for monopoly pricing of the user fee by the government. Most of the analysis is conducted for general production functions consistent with endogenous growth, although the case of CES technology is also considered.
While the role of exports in promoting growth in general, and productivity in particular, has been investigated empirically using aggregate data for countries and industries for a long time, only recently have comprehensive longitudinal data at the firm level been used to look at the extent and causes of productivity differentials between exporters and their counterparts which sell on the domestic market only. This papers surveys the empirical strategies applied, and the results produced, in 45 microeconometric studies with data from 33 countries that were published between 1995 and 2004. Details aside, exporters are found to be more productive than non-exporters, and the more productive firms self-select into export markets, while exporting does not necessarily improve productivity.
Übersicht über Aspekte der modernen Kindheit
