Filtern
Erscheinungsjahr
Dokumenttyp
- Dissertation (92)
- Bachelorarbeit (7)
- Masterarbeit (6)
- Habilitation (1)
Sprache
- Englisch (106) (entfernen)
Schlagworte
- Nachhaltigkeit (12)
- Sustainability (5)
- Transformation (4)
- Governance (3)
- Steuerungsprozesse (3)
- Agriculture (2)
- Biodegradability (2)
- Biodiversität (2)
- Biologische Abbaubarkeit (2)
- Energiepolitik (2)
- Energiewende (2)
- Energy Policy (2)
- Ethiopia (2)
- Landwirtschaft (2)
- Nachhaltige Entwicklung (2)
- Sediment (2)
- Äthiopien (2)
- Ökosystem (2)
- Abwasseranalyse (1)
- Abwassermarkierungsstoffe (1)
- Afghanistan (1)
- Agrarwirtschaft (1)
- Anden (1)
- Antibiotikum (1)
- Arzneimittel (1)
- Baum (1)
- Bees (1)
- Bienen (1)
- Biochar (1)
- Biodiversity (1)
- Biomass burning (1)
- Cargo Bike (1)
- Circular Economy (1)
- Citizen Science (1)
- Climate Simulation (1)
- Coastel environment (1)
- Collaborative Initiative (1)
- Data Mining (1)
- Deutschland (1)
- Discourse Studies (1)
- Disease Resistance (1)
- Dorf (1)
- EU Water Framework Directive (1)
- Ecosystem services (1)
- Ecuador (1)
- Elektrifizierung (1)
- Energie (1)
- Energy Transition (1)
- Entrepreneurship (1)
- Entwicklung (1)
- Environmental Communication (1)
- Environmental governance (1)
- Erneuerbare Energien (1)
- Ernährungslage (1)
- European Union (1)
- Europäische Union (1)
- Food Security (1)
- Forschungsevaluation (1)
- Gemeinwohl (1)
- Gewässer (1)
- Gewässerbelastung (1)
- Graslandschaft (1)
- Grundschüler (1)
- Harz (1)
- Holocene (1)
- Ili Delta (1)
- Immunity (1)
- Indien (1)
- Institutional Change (1)
- Institutioneller Wandel (1)
- Internationale Organisation (1)
- Internationaler Vergleich (1)
- Jordan (1)
- Kasachstan (1)
- Kleinbauer (1)
- Kleinkredit (1)
- Klimamodell (1)
- Klimasimulation (1)
- Kollaborative Initiative (1)
- Konsum (1)
- Kostenverteilung (1)
- Krankheitsresistenz (1)
- Kreislaufwirtschaft (1)
- Kulturlandschaft (1)
- Käfer (1)
- Küstengebiet (1)
- Lastenfahrrad (1)
- Lebensmittelproduktion (1)
- Lebensraum (1)
- Lebensunterhalt (1)
- Ländlicher Raum (1)
- Management (1)
- Natürliche Ressourcen (1)
- Neoinstitutionalismus (1)
- Nichtstaatliche Organisation (1)
- Niederschlag (1)
- Non-Governmental Organisation (1)
- Nordseeküste (1)
- Ozonisierung (1)
- Ozonungsprodukte (1)
- Palaeoclimate (1)
- Paläoklima (1)
- Participation (1)
- Partizipation (1)
- Peru (1)
- Pestizid (1)
- Pflanzen (1)
- Pleistozän (1)
- Precipitation (1)
- Produktivität (1)
- Quartär (1)
- Quaternary (1)
- Renaturierung <Ökologie> (1)
- Renewable Energies (1)
- Research Evaluation (1)
- Resin (1)
- Restoration <Ecology> (1)
- Samen (1)
- Schlüsselkompetenz (1)
- Smartphone (1)
- Software (1)
- Soil quality (1)
- Soziales System (1)
- Stadtverkehr (1)
- Sustainability Research (1)
- Sustainable Development Goals (1)
- Süßstoff (1)
- Tourismus (1)
- Transaction Cost Theory (1)
- Transaktionskosten (1)
- Transdisciplinarity (1)
- Transition Management (1)
- Transitionsmanagement (1)
- Trinkwasser (1)
- Umweltbelastung (1)
- Umweltbildung (1)
- Umweltkommunikation (1)
- Umweltverträglichkeit (1)
- Unternehmen (1)
- Urban Mobility (1)
- Vereinigte Staaten (1)
- Vereinte Nationen (1)
- Verhalten (1)
- Verwaltung (1)
- Vögel (1)
- Wald (1)
- Waschmittel (1)
- Wassermangel (1)
- Wasserqualität (1)
- Wasserverschmutzung (1)
- Water Pollution (1)
- Water Quality (1)
- Wissensmanagement (1)
- cultural landscape (1)
- knowledge management (1)
- ozonation products (1)
- social-ecological systems (1)
- wastewater tracers (1)
- water resources management (1)
- Ökologie (1)
- Ökosystemmanagement (1)
Institut
- Fakultät Nachhaltigkeit (106) (entfernen)
Fire plays an important role in the earth system by influencing ecosystems and climate, but climate in turn also influences fire. The system became more complex when humans started using fire as a tool. Understanding the interaction between humans, fire and climate is the major aim of paleofire research. Understanding changes in these three aspects in the past will help predicting future climate, fire and human interactions. The use of lake sediment cores as natural archives for reconstructing past fire activity by counting charcoal particles is well established. This present dissertation is dedicated to the evaluation and application of specific organic molecular markers for biomass burning: levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan were used as proxies for reconstructing past fire activity in lake sediments thorough the entire Holocene. First, a new analytical method was developed using high-performance anion exchange chromatography combined with mass spectrometry to separate and detect these three monosaccharide anhydrides in lake sediments. The suitability of this analytical method was proven by comparing the levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan results in selected lake sediment samples from Lake Kirkpatrick, New Zealand and by correlating the results with macroscopic charcoal. Furthermore, the method was successfully applied to a lake sediment core from Lake Petén Itzá, Guatemala to reconstruct regional Holocene fire history. The analyses of levoglucosan were combined with fecal sterols to reconstruct late Holocene human fire interactions at Lake Trasimeno, Italy, demonstrating low fire activity during the Roman period. This combination of studies proves that these molecular markers are valid fire proxies in sediments from multiple locations around the globe. Comparison of levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan concentrations with macroscopic charcoal trends in Lake Kirkpatrick and Lake Petén Itzá, suggests that the molecular markers represent more regional fire history and low temperature fires in contrast to macroscopic charcoal, which is a local fire proxy. In addition, vegetation changes (Lake Kirkpatrick and Lake Petén Itzá) and charcoal morphotypes (Lake Petén Itzá) were compared to the levoglucosan/mannosan and levoglucosan/(mannosan+galactosan) ratios suggesting that these ratios may be a suitable tool to track burned fuel. Biodegradation tests demonstrate the potential degradation of levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan if dissolved in water, but findings in ancient sediment samples suggest that particle-bound levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan can be buried in sediments over millennial time scales. Although uncertainties still exist, the results of this research suggests that organic molecular markers are a suitable regional fire proxy and isomer ratios may help understand changes in burned vegetation.
The importance of a social perspective on the relationships between humans and nature has longbeen acknowledged. The field of social-ecological systems research in particular is striving toachieve a holistic understanding of human-nature relationships by balancing social andecological perspectives. Here I sought to develop a social understanding of the Saxon area inCentral Romania, by exploring aspects of human-nature relationships as seen from theperspective of local people. To this end, I employed the concepts of social-ecological systems(SES), ecosystem services (ES) and cultural landscapes to assess perceptions of locals throughempirical case studies.I first conducted a literature review to acquire an overview of a particular type of human-naturerelationship mediated by non-consumptive use and non-use values (“cultural ecosystemservices”). Second, to isolate and address the interaction from the social system to the ecologicalsystem, I investigated the different ways locals perceived the role of landscapes in SouthernTransylvania. I conceptually mapped these landscape preferences by revealing their potentialland use and management implications. Third, to approach the human-nature relationship fromthe ecological system to the social system, I studied the flow of ES to disaggregated humanbeneficiaries. Specifically, I studied which factors, beyond ecosystem processes and functions,influenced nature derived human well-being from the perspective of potential beneficiaries. Iconceptualised the mediating role of a range of contextual factors underpinning the currentdistribution of ES, with regard to the relation between ES and human well-being. Fourth, inorder to explore an example of bidirectional human-nature relationship, I studied the particularcase of human-carnivore coexistence and the suite of mechanisms shaping it.Despite building throughout this thesis a more complex and in-depth understanding of the humandimensions of the studied system, I chose four main cross-cutting themes to explain the human-nature connection in Southern Transylvania. These four themes may serve as pillars of a sociallyminded understanding, as well as potential research and policy foci. First, the values held bylocals are key for understanding the endemic human-nature relationships and should not beoverlooked in future social-ecological assessments or policy interventions. Second, the culturallandscape of Southern Transylvania is both a physical and virtual space of social-ecologicalinteraction fostering human-nature experiences and social-ecological knowledge integration.Third, the identified diversity of the social system in terms of landscape aspirations and ESbeneficiaries is expanding the range of human-nature connections, but at the same time, may infuture be a source of conflict or disconnection if not managed appropriately. Finally, small-scalefarmers, through their interactions with the land and resultant belief system, play a major role inmaintaining the human-nature relationships, but their values and lifestyle are threatened.
This PhD thesis examines the connections between sustainability knowledge management (SKM) and sustainability management tools in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). While previous literature has established that knowledge is essential for the application of sustainability management tools, the effects of such tools on knowledge management are under-researched in the sustainability context. Drawing on multiple academic papers and utilizing various research methods, including a systematic literature review, several quantitative surveys and a multiple case study approach, the thesis systematically examines how such tools can facilitate the identification, acquisition, conversion, application and retention of sustainability knowledge, and potentially lead to the improvement of SKM effectiveness in SMEs. Furthermore, it examines how support functions for sustainability management tools and SKM correspond with each other. The findings reveal that sustainability management tools facilitate the SKM processes (identification, acquisition, conversion, application and retention), and align with the support factors (e.g. top management support, shared vision, employee qualifications) to advance SKM in SMEs. Particularly, such tools permit the institutionalization of sustainability knowledge into the daily routines and practices in SMEs. Additionally, tools create a support structure for SKM, embedding and preserving sustainability knowledge in documents, policies, procedures and norms for an enterprise´s collective knowledge for sustainability management. The thesis concludes with complementing areas of future research and offers practical implications for SME management.
The Ili Delta in Kazakhstan is an important ecosystem that offers crucial wetland habitats for several bird species. However, the Ili River, the Ili Delta and the Balkhash Lake are suffering from water shortage due to climate change and human activities. The desertification of the Aral Sea, an obvious point of comparison to the Balkhash region, also involved the degradation of wetland habitats and the related loss of many bird species relying on these habitats. Therefore, water shortage at the Ili Delta may also be the reason for the loss of wetland habitats and bird species. In this study, bird species numbers, species abundances as well as bird diversity at different habitats in the Ili Delta were examined. There are many habitat types provided by the Ili Delta, for example reed bed vegetation, Tugay forest, bare soil floodplains along rivers and steppe. The results of this study showed that the central delta region with habitats of submerged reed vegetation showed the highest number of bird species and the greatest diversity. Threatened bird species at the Ili Delta were also observed only in these wetland habitats. Steppe habitats showed the lowest numbers of bird species and the lowest bird diversity. In general, all habitats at the Ili Delta are important for the ecosystem and essential for the bird species that depend on them for their survival. With expansion of arid steppe habitats due to water shortage, however, previous wetland habitats may be lost. Moreover, bird species that depend on these wetland habitats may also be lost. Therefore, protective measures for the Balkhash region in general and the wetland habitats at the Ili Delta and its distinct avifauna in particular are urgently needed.
The world wide population growth and the increasing water scarcity endanger more and more the human society. Water saving measures alone will not be sufficient to solve all associated problems. Therefore, people in arid countries might come back to any kind of water available. In this context the way people regard wastewater must change in terms that it has to be recognized as a water resource. The reuse of wastewater, treated and untreated, for irrigation purposes in agriculture is already established in some semi-arid and arid countries. Countries with absolute water scarcity like Israel might not only be forced to reduce their water consumption, but even to transfer reused water to other sectors. Concerns of authorities and the general public about potential health risks are completely understandable. The health risks of wastewater are mainly originating from pathogens which are negatively correlated with its treatment. Therefore, the quality of a wastewater effluent derived from mechanical-biological treatment can be further improved by additional treatment steps like soil aquifer treatment (SAT). This process is adopted at the Israeli Shafdan facility in the south of Tel Aviv. Conventionally treated wastewater is applied on surface basins from where it percolates into the coastal plain aquifer which supplies approximately one quarter of Israel ́s drinking water. After a certain residence time in the subsurface the water is recovered by wells surrounding the recharge area. Although the pumping regime creates a hydraulic barrier to the pristine groundwater, concerns exist that a contamination of the surrounding drinking water wells could occur. So far, little is known about the removal of organic trace pollutants during the SAT process in general and for the Shafdan site in particular. Consequently, the need arose to study the purification power of the SAT process in terms of the removal of organic trace pollutants. For this purpose reliable wastewater tracers are essential to be able to differentiate between degradation and sorption processes on the one hand and dilution with pristine groundwater on the other hand. Based on their chemical properties, their worldwide usage in a variety of foodstuffs and beverages, and first data about the fate and occurrence of sucralose, artificial sweeteners came into the focus as promising tracer candidates.
Thus, in the present work an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of seven commonly used artificial sweeteners in different water matrices, like surface water and wastewater, was developed (see chapter 2). The method is based on the solid phase extraction (SPE) of the analytes by a styrene-divinylbenzene (SDB) copolymer material, and the analysis by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass-spectrometry (LC-ESI- MS/MS). The sensitivity in negative ionization mode was considerably enhanced by postcolumn addition of the alkaline modifier tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane. In potable water, except for aspartame and neohesperidine dihydrochalchone, absolute recoveries >75 % were obtained for all analytes under investigation, but were considerably reduced due to matrix effects in treated wastewater. The widespread distribution of the artificial sweeteners acesulfame, saccharin, cyclamate, and sucralose in the aquatic environment was proven. Concentrations in two German wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) influents ranged up to 190 μg/L for cyclamate, several tens of μg/L for acesulfame and saccharin, and about 1 μg/L for sucralose. For saccharin and cyclamate removal rates >90 % during wastewater treatment were observed, whereas acesulfame and sucralose turned out to be very persistent. As a result of high influent concentrations and low removal rates in WWTPs, acesulfame was the dominant sweetener in German surface waters with concentrations up to 2.7 μg/L. The detection of acesulfame and sucralose in recovery wells in the Shafdan SAT site in Israel in the μg/L range was a promising sign for their possible use as anthropogenic markers. As acesulfame and sucralose showed a pronounced stability in WWTPs and were detected in recovery wells of the SAT site in Israel it became worthwhile to assess their tracer suitability compared to other organic trace pollutants suggested as anthropogenic markers in the past (see chapter 3). Therefore, the prediction power of the two sweeteners was evaluated in comparison with the antiepileptic drug carbamazepine (CBZ), the X-ray contrast medium diatrizoic acid (DTA) and two benzotriazoles (1H-benzotriazole (BTZ) and its 4-methyl analogue (4TTri)). The concentrations of these compounds and their ratios were tracked from WWTPs with different treatment technologies, to recipient waters and further to river bank filtration (RBF) wells. Additionally, acesulfame and sucralose were compared with CBZ during advanced wastewater treatment by SAT in Israel. Only the persistent compounds acesulfame, sucralose, and CBZ showed stable ratios when comparing influent and effluent
concentrations of four German WWTPs with conventional wastewater treatment. However, by the additional application of powdered activated carbon in a fifth WWTP CBZ, BTZ, and 4-TTri were selectively removed resulting in a pronounced shift of the concentration ratios towards the nearly unaffected sweeteners. Results of a seven months monitoring program along the rivers Rhine and Main showed an excellent correlation between CBZ and acesulfame concentrations (r2 = 0.94), and still good values when correlating the concentrations with both benzotriazoles (r2 = 0.66 - 0.82). In RBF wells acesulfame and CBZ were again the compounds with the best concentration correlation (r2 = 0.85).