Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Part of Proceeding (29) (remove)
Keywords
- Arbeitspsychologie (4)
- Jacques (2)
- Lehrerbildung (2)
- Organisationsgestaltung (2)
- Phänomenologie (2)
- Alter (1)
- Altersstruktur (1)
- Altlastsanierung (1)
- Analyse (1)
- Angewandte Psychologie (1)
Institute
Einleitung
(2007)
Ziel dieses Diskussionspapiers ist es, den Einfluss von individuellen und institutionellen Charakteristika auf Niedrigeinkommensmobilität von Selbständigen und abhängig Beschäftigten in Deutschland und im Vereinigten Königreich (UK) zu analysieren. Hierzu werden Daten de SOEP (2000-2009) und BHPS (2000-2008) sowie harmonisierte Daten aus dem CNEF-Projekt verwendet. Es kann gezeigt werden, dass die Niedrigeinkommensmobilität von Selbständigen generell höher als die von abhängig Beschäftigten ist. Männer und besser ausgebildete Personen verfügen grundsätzlich über eine höhere Aufstiegsmobilität. Ebenso erhöhen große Firmen die Aufstiegswahrscheinlichkeit. Unterschiedliche Auswirkungen ergeben sich aus einem Arbeitsplatzwechsel. Während ein Arbeitsplatzwechsel in UK die Wahrscheinlichkeit für Mobilität verringert, erhöht ein Arbeitsplatzwechsel in Deutschland sowohl Niedrigeinkommenswahrscheinlichkeit als auch die Wahrscheinlichkeit für einen Aufstieg. Nicht gezeigt werden konnte, dass die Niedrigeinkommensmobilität in UK generell höher als in Deutschland und dass die Differenz zwischen Frauen und Männer ist bei Selbständigen höher als bei abhängig Beschäftigten ist.
Quality of life and satisfaction with life are of particular importance for individuals as well as for society concerning the “demographic change” with now longer retirement periods. This study will contribute to the life satisfaction discussion and quantifies life satisfaction and pattern of explanation before and after such a prominent life cycle event, the entrance into retirement. In particular, with the individual longitudinal data and 33 waves of the Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) and the appropriate microeconometric causal fixed effects robust panel methods we ask and quantify if actual life satisfaction indeed is decreasing before re-tirement, is increasing at the entrance into retirement, and is decreasing then after certain periods back to a foregoing level. Thus, we ask if such an anticipation and adaptation pattern– as known from other promi-nent events – is also to discover for life satisfaction before and after retirement in Germany. Main result: Individual and family situation lift life satisfaction after retirement for many years, the (former) occupational situation, however, absorbs this effect both for pensioners and civil service pensioners. It remains only one period of improvement with close anticipation and adaptation at entering retirement but no furthermore significant change compared to pre-retirement life satisfaction. This holds for pensioners (German pension insurance, GRV) but there is no significant effect at all for civil service pensioners.
Neither market income nor consumption expenditure provides an adequate picture of individual standard of living. It is time which enables and restricts individual activities and is a further brick to a more comprehensive picture of individual wellbeing. In our study we focus on a prominent part of time use in non-market services: it is parental child care which contributes not only to individual but also to societal well-being. Within a novel approach we ask for multidimensional polarization effects of parental child care where compensation/ substitution of time for parental child care versus income is interdependently evaluated by panel estimates of societys subjective well-being. The new interdependent 2DGAP measure thereby provides multidimensional polarization intensity information for the poor and the rich and disentangles the single time and income contribution to subjective well-being ensuring at the same time the interdependence of the polarization dimensions. Socio-economic influences on the polarization pole risk and intensity will be quantified by two stage Heckman estimates. The analyses are based on the German Socio-Economic Panel with 21 waves and robust fixed effects estimates of subjective well-being as well as the German Time Use Surveys 1991/92 and actual 2012/13 with detailed diary time use data. The empirical results discover the interdependent relations between parental child care and income under a common evaluation frame and contribute to the question of dimension specific targeted policies in a multidimensional polarization approach. Prominent result: compensation between parental child care time and income proved to be significant, but there are multidimensional regions with no compensation, where parental child care time deficit is not compensated by income. Interdependent multidimensional polarization by headcount and intensity increased significantly over the twenty years under investigation with remarkable risk and intensity differences between the polarization poles with different disentangled parental child care time and income contributions to subjective well-being.
